💻 Exemplos: Capítulo 05: Migrations e Schema Builder do Laravel

Especialização em Backend com PHP & Laravel • Demonstrações Práticas Compiláveis

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💻 Exemplo 1 — Migration de Criação com Índices e Timestamps

<?php
// database/migrations/2026_01_01_000000_create_produtos_table.php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    public function up(): void
    {
        Schema::create('produtos', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string('nome', 150)->index();
            $table->string('sku', 50)->unique();
            $table->decimal('preco', 10, 2);
            $table->boolean('ativo')->default(true);
            $table->timestamps();
            $table->softDeletes();
        });
    }

    public function down(): void
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('produtos');
    }
};

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💻 Exemplo 2 — Chave Estrangeira com Cascade

<?php
// database/migrations/2026_01_01_000001_create_pedidos_table.php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    public function up(): void
    {
        Schema::create('pedidos', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
            $table->decimal('total', 10, 2);
            $table->string('status')->default('PENDENTE');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    public function down(): void
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('pedidos');
    }
};

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💻 Exemplo 3 — Migration de Alteração com Rollback Reversível

<?php
// database/migrations/2026_01_01_000002_add_desconto_to_pedidos_table.php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    public function up(): void
    {
        Schema::table('pedidos', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->decimal('desconto', 8, 2)->default(0.0)->after('total');
        });
    }

    public function down(): void
    {
        Schema::table('pedidos', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->dropColumn('desconto');
        });
    }
};